Review on Template Removal Techniques for Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Materials

The key step in the preparation of mesoporous silica materials is removal organic templates occluded inside pores including nonionic, cationic, anionic surfactants and even ionic liquid (IL). most common method to remove conventional calcination under air at 550 °C. Although can be completely removed from pores, suffers many serious drawbacks significant framework shrinkage, collapse ordered structure, reduction silanol concentrations on pore wall (which are high importance for postmodification), generation large amounts CO2 amine compounds, presence carbon deposits or coke as a contaminant, elimination functionalities (such organoalkoxysilanes with amino groups), inability recover reuse expensive templates. That why attempts have been reported literature develop novel methods removing that favorable both economic environmental standpoints potentially large-scale applications. current study reviews recent development template various types materials. We divided approaches into two categories: physical chemical method. effects those discussed detail textural structural properties along mechanism their coins.